Table 1 Participating physicians and their clinics’ characteristics as reported in the questionnaire and their association with the primary outcomes (n = 58 responses)

Male (vs. female)

24 (41%)

0.96

0.52–1.77

1.19

0.65–2.17

Self-employed (vs. Salary paid)

16 (28%)

0.54

0.28–1.03

0.62

0.32–1.19

Experience as a physician (since graduation):

1–7 years

13 (23%)

reference

8–14 years (vs. 1–7)

16 (28%)

0.55

0.24–1.26

0.55

0.24–1.24

15–24 years (vs. 1–7)

15 (26%)

0.49

0.21–1.13

0.40

0.18–0.93

25 years and more (vs. 1–7)

13 (23%)

0.87

0.36–2.12

0.84

0.35–2.02

Clinic locale:

Urban (vs. mixed)

40 (69%)

1.22

0.45–3.29

1.20

0.45–3.21

Rural (vs. mixed)

12 (21%)

1.48

0.47–4.63

1.52

0.49–4.74

Mixed

6 (10%)

reference

Clinic personnel:

Secretary

56 (97%)

0.82

0.16–4.17

1.05

0.21–5.26

Physician Assistant

3 (7%)

0.57

0.15–2.11

0.48

0.13–1.79

Nurse

51 (89%)

1.59

0.60–4.21

1.80

0.96–3.38

Resident

26 (50%)

0.65

0.35–1.22

0.78

0.41–1.44

No. of primary care physicians in the clinic

(including the responding physician):

1 physician

9 (16%)

reference

2–3 physicians (vs. 1)

28 (49%)

1.18

0.50–2.78

1.25

0.53–2.94

4 or more physicians (vs. 1)

20 (35%)

0.68

0.28–1.68

0.86

0.35–2.13

Clinic ethnicity:

Arabs

2 (3%)

0.68

0.10–4.55

0.44

0.07–2.85

Orthodox Jews

3 (5%)

0.52

0.10–2.62

0.48

0.10–2.41

Non-orthodox Jews

48 (83%)

0.83

0.28–2.40

0.67

0.23–1.91

Jews

5 (9%)

reference

Socio-economic status of the clinic’s patients:

Low (vs. medium)

7 (12%)

1.16

0.47–2.88

1.38

0.56–3.44

Medium

32 (56%)

reference

High (vs. medium)

18 (32%)

0.45

0.24–0.85

0.50

0.27–0.94

Physicians’ practice size

Less than 1000 patients (vs. 1000–2000)

28 (49%)

1.61

0.89–2.90

1.60

0.91–2.80

1000–2000 patients

24 (42%)

reference

More than 2000 patients (vs. 1000–2000)

5 (9%)

3.02

1.06–8.58

2.97

1.11–7.99

Physicians’ weekly face-to-face hours:

Less than 15 h

11 (19%)

reference

15–20 h (vs. Less than 15 h)

11 (19%)

0.56

0.21–1.49

0.98

0.36–2.64

More than 20 h (vs. less than 15 h)

35 (61%)

0.98

0.44–2.17

1.04

0.46–2.33

Physicians’ additional roles/occupations:

Working in more than one clinic

20 (36%)

1.09

0.58–2.06

1.29

0.68–2.42

Clinic management

17 (30%)

0.97

0.50–1.88

0.82

0.43–1.57

Other management

22 (38%)

0.66

0.36–1.22

0.68

0.37–1.25

Participation in research

28 (49%)

0.96

0.53–1.76

1.24

0.68–2.26

Teaching

51 (88%)

0.64

0.25–1.61

0.54

0.21–1.39